Androgenic Control of Insulin Sensitivity via White Adipose Tissue
Increased testosterone levels, which occur in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and virilized women such as those taking androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), are linked to alterations in peripheral insulin sensitivity. Using a novel swine model, these studies investigate the impact of elevated serum testosterone levels on white adipose tissue nutrient turnover, which contributes to the regulation of peripheral insulin sensitivity. This study is a critical first step to elucidating the dose- and depot-specific mechanisms of testosterone control of metabolism and the development of therapies to improve metabolic health in PCOS patients and virilized women.
(NIH: R56DK141722-01 PENDING)
Androgen Impact on Ovarian and Oocyte Parameters
The long-term effects of virilizing levels of testosterone on cumulus cell and oocyte health are unknown. Our laboratory has developed a virilized swine model that exhibits an increase in the number of cysts and stromal collagen. Using this swine model, our studies assess the impact of virilizing testosterone and its withdrawal on the cumulus cell transcriptome and oocyte developmental competency. This study is a critical first step to understanding the long-term fertility impacts and their capacity for reversibility in females who take androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS).
Sex Steroid Control of Mitochondrial Function
As mitochondria are fundamental to both cellular and organismal metabolic homeostasis, their dysfunction in aged women due to accumulated mitochondrial DNA mutations coupled with lack of circulating estradiol contributes to metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease. Thus, targeted mitochondrial delivery of estradiol has the potential to improve treatment for metabolic conditions in post-menopausal women. We are testing whether mitochondria-targeted drugs with and without estradiol can correct age-related mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes and menopausal mouse models. (NIH: R21AG083544-01A1)
Androgen and Estrogen Control of Health and Disease in Wildlife Species
We have multiple ongoing collaborations on the health of ungulate and suid species. Research has been performed in collaboration with the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Ann Van Dyke Cheetah Center, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Stellenbosch, Amakhala Game Reserve, Wilderness Foundation Africa, University of Florida, and the Chaco Center for Conservation and Research. We also have a long track record of collaboration with zoological institutions in North America, and Dr. Newell-Fugate is an advisor in reproduction to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums to the Ungulate Taxon Advisory Group.
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Our current funding in this area examines the normal reproductive biology of the critically endangered Visayan warty pig and is funded by the AAZV Wild Animal Health Fund.
